Energy has always been geopolitical because modern economies require reliable fuel and electricity. The transition toward cleaner energy does not eliminate this connection; it changes the resources that matter.
Oil and gas remain strategically important, while electricity grids, batteries, critical minerals and manufacturing capacity are becoming more significant. Countries that control processing and industrial supply chains can gain influence even if they do not possess the largest natural reserves.
For the United States, energy security increasingly means diversification. Domestic production, resilient grids, varied suppliers and new technologies can reduce the impact of shocks while preserving economic flexibility.